Deformity Correction & Osteotomy Surgery

High tibial osteotomy is a realignment surgery for selected patients with bow-leg deformity, inner-side knee overload and early medial compartment arthritis. In bow-leg alignment, the inner side of the knee may take more pressure during walking. High tibial osteotomy aims to shift weight-bearing forces away from the overloaded inner compartment and support natural knee preservation where suitable.

Distal femoral osteotomy is a realignment surgery for selected patients with knock-knee deformity, outer-side knee overload or lateral compartment arthritis. In knock-knee alignment, the outer side of the knee may be overloaded. Distal femoral osteotomy may help redistribute pressure more evenly across the knee joint in selected patients.

Knee realignment surgery is performed to correct abnormal knee alignment and reduce uneven pressure across the knee joint. This may be considered when poor alignment is contributing to pain, cartilage wear, localised arthritis or progressive joint overload. Treatment is planned according to the patient’s weight-bearing axis, joint condition and functional needs.

Bow-leg correction surgery is treatment for genu varum deformity, where the legs are bowed, and the inner side of the knee is overloaded. Patients may experience inner-side knee pain, visible bowing, difficulty walking longer distances, or early arthritis changes. High tibial osteotomy may be considered in selected patients where joint preservation remains possible.

Knock-knee correction surgery is treatment for genu valgum deformity, where the knees angle inward and the outer side of the knee is overloaded. This can cause outer-side knee pain, abnormal joint loading and progressive cartilage wear. Distal femoral osteotomy may be suitable for selected patients depending on alignment, arthritis stage and activity goals.

Osteotomy for early knee arthritis is a joint-preserving surgery for selected active patients with early arthritis and malalignment. The aim is to delay knee replacement where suitable by correcting abnormal loading and protecting the natural knee joint. It may be considered when arthritis is localised, and the rest of the knee remains reasonably preserved.

Post-traumatic deformity correction is treatment for limb deformity following a previous fracture, injury or malunion. When a bone heals in an abnormal position, it may affect alignment, walking pattern, joint loading and long-term function. Treatment planning depends on the location of deformity, bone healing, joint condition and patient goals.

Limb alignment assessment includes detailed clinical and radiological evaluation of leg alignment, weight-bearing axis and joint loading. This assessment helps identify whether pain is related to abnormal alignment and whether treatment should involve rehabilitation, injections, osteotomy, joint preservation surgery or another pathway.

Complex knee deformity planning is provided for patients with combined deformity, stiffness, previous injury or early arthritis. These cases require detailed assessment because treatment decisions may involve alignment correction, cartilage status, meniscus condition, joint preservation options or future knee replacement planning.

Rehabilitation after osteotomy surgery is an important part of recovery. A structured recovery plan may include protected weight bearing, swelling control, knee movement exercises, strengthening, walking support and return-to-work guidance. Rehabilitation is planned according to the surgery performed, healing progress and patient activity goals.